1836 - The Battle of Blood River

Clashes with the Zulu Chief Dingane, who had assumed power after taking part in the murder of his half brother Shaka, resulted in a devastating battle between the Zulu and the Voortrekker Boers in December of 1838. This battle was known to be one of the bloodiest of its time as the river waters “turned to blood”. The Boers won due to the advantage of guns. 

The anniversary of the battle is a national public holiday in South Africa known as the Day of Reconciliation, selected due to its significance to African and Afrikaner cultures. Created to mark the end of Apartheid, the purpose of the day is to foster unity and reconciliation across the country.