1912 - African National Congress (ANC) Founded

Following Black’s exclusion from parliament, the government passed a series of anti-Black Acts limiting what jobs Blacks could hold, forcing them into “reserves” (compared to indigenous reservations in the U.S.), and required blacks to carry race identification passes to travel to White areas. Black opposition was inevitable. The African National Congress (ANC) was founded in 1912 to protest black people’s exclusion from power and fight for Black rights and representation in parliament.